Project Management (項目管理) （五）

3 Execution Phase（執(zhí)行階段）
The project execution phase (also called the "delivery phase") is the third phase in the project life cycle. In this phase, the physical project deliverables are built and presented to customers for signoff. This phase is usually the longest phase in the project life cycle and it typically consumes the most energy and the most resources.
項目的計劃之后需要進行的就是項目的執(zhí)行，這一步驟在整個項目管理中起著至關(guān)重要的作用，他是項目周期的第三個階段，一般這個階段是周期里時間至長也是至耗費精力、物力、人力和財力的。

3.1 Project Team Responsibilities（團隊工作職責(zé)）

• Team members execute the tasks as planned by the project manager.
• The project manager is responsible for performance measurement, which includes finding variances between planned and actual work, cost and schedule; provides Project Status Report to all key stakeholders in order to provide visibility.--fxgr--
• All project key stakeholders are responsible for the review of the metrics and variances and taking necessary action of the variances thus determined so as to complete the project within time and budget.

團隊成員需要分工明確，根據(jù)項目總經(jīng)理的安排進行執(zhí)行，所有的工作和進度都需要對負責(zé)人進行總結(jié)匯報，公司的利益相關(guān)人員也有職責(zé)去對項目進行監(jiān)督和管理，以便項目倒計時按照既定的時間和預(yù)算成本順利完成。

3.2 Basic Processes and Facilitating Processes（基本流程和促進流程的必要方法）

基本流程包括計劃、監(jiān)督衡量、更改項目管理流程；促進流程包括質(zhì)量保證和控制、項目監(jiān)管、風(fēng)險把控、成本控制等等。

3.3 Project Gateways（項目監(jiān)督審核）

A gateway is a project review point at which certain criteria must be met before for the project can pass through the gateway and proceed to the next stage.

The purpose of a gateway review is to:

ü  help increase the chances of the successful delivery of a project;

ü  allow the project to address issues that may affect the expected benefits;

ü  allow the project to change course if this allows the objectives to be better served in light of new information;

ü  provide evidence to stop a project that is poorly aligned with business objectives; and

ü  provide assurance to benefit owners that an independent assessment of the project is taking place.

The spirit of the review process is to be supportive and forward looking.

項目關(guān)口的意思就是對項目進行把控，來確定項目是否合格過關(guān)。

3.4 Progress Report（項目進程報告）

Progress reporting is a key element of project management. Reports should be issued by the project manager and circulated to the stakeholders on a regular basis. The following people must be included on the circulation list: project sponsor; budget holder; senior user(s); and team members.

The report should be kept brief and sum the key points in the project.

A progress report should report progress towards milestones (i.e. major events such as completion of a major deliverable) and indicate where slippage has occurred (e.g. through variance analysis when actual progress is behind planned progress).

項目的進程報告需要按照一些必要內(nèi)容進行匯報：項目贊助商，出資人，用戶和團隊成員。按照以上九點進行報告是至完成且有效的。