24周年

財(cái)稅實(shí)務(wù) 高薪就業(yè) 學(xué)歷教育
APP下載
APP下載新用戶掃碼下載
立享專屬優(yōu)惠

安卓版本:8.7.30 蘋果版本:8.7.30

開發(fā)者:北京正保會(huì)計(jì)科技有限公司

應(yīng)用涉及權(quán)限:查看權(quán)限>

APP隱私政策:查看政策>

HD版本上線:點(diǎn)擊下載>

ACCA知識(shí)點(diǎn):Strategy and people (戰(zhàn)略與人員) (三)

來源: 正保會(huì)計(jì)網(wǎng)校 編輯: 2017/03/29 09:13:50 字體:

c) Contingency Theories(權(quán)變理論)

Contingency theories are a class of behavioural theory that argues there is no single, best way of leading. The leader's ability to lead is contingent on various situational factors, including the leader's preferred style, the capabilities and behaviours of followers and other situational factors.

An effective leadership style in some situations may not be successful in others. An effect of this is that leaders who are very effective at one place and time may become unsuccessful either when transplanted to another situation or when the factors around them change.

權(quán)變理論領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力模型主要是根據(jù)不同的情況和不同的環(huán)境來決定用什么樣的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)方式,相信沒有單一且特定的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)方式,這就是權(quán)變理論的核心。

1. Action-Centred Leadership Model(行動(dòng)力中心理論領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力模型)

John Adair's action-centred leadership model is where task, group and individual needs are interconnected. The total situation dictates the relative priority which must be given to each of the three sets of needs. Effective leadership means identifying and acting on that priority to create a balance between the needs.

2. Fiedler's Contingency Theory of Leadership(Fiedler權(quán)變理論領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力模型)

Fiedler found that people become leaders partly because of their own attributes and partly because of the nature of the situation they find themselves in. Leadership style depends on the personality of the leader, which is fixed. The extent to which the situation favours the leader depends on three things:

  • Position power. Same thing as organisational authority.
  • Task structure. Work is easier to organise and accountability easier to determine when the task is clear, well defined and unambiguous. The quality of performance is difficult to control when the task is vague and unstructured.
  • Leader-subordinate relations. The leader’s task is eased when subordinated have trust and confidence in him or her.

Fiedler found that a task-oriented was most productive when the situation was either very favourable to the leader or very unfavourable.

In less extreme cases, a more people-centred approach was more effective.

3. Handy's "Best Fit" Approach(Handy的Best-fit理論)

Charles Handy's best fit approach identifies four factors which a successful leader must integrate:

1. The leader personality, character and style
2. Subordinates individual and collective personalities and preference for style of leadership
3. The task objectives, technology and methods of working
4. The environment

From the first three of these factors, Handy creates a spectrum ranging from "tight" to "flexible".

Handy's "best fit" occurs where all three factors are at the same point in the spectrum. Almost inevitably there will be a misfit, and change will be necessary. Any such change is invariably slow.

  Tight Flexible
Leader • Preference for autocratic style
• Arrogant and contemptuous of
subordinates
• Dislikes uncertainty
•Preference for democratic style
•Confident in subordinates
•Dislikes stress
•Accepts reasonable risk and
uncertainty
Subordinates • Low opinion of own abilities
• Do not like uncertainty in their
work and like to be ordered
• Regard their work as trivial
• Past experience in work leads to
acceptance of orders
• Cultural factors lean them towards
autocratic/dictatorial leaders
•High opinion of own abilities
•Like challenging, important work
•Prepared to accept uncertainty
and longer timescales for results
• Cultural factors favour
independence
Task • Job requires no initiative, routine
and repetitive or has a certain
outcome
• Short timescale for completion
• Trivial tasks
•Important tasks with a longer
timescale
•Problem-solving or decision-making
involved
• Complex work

我要糾錯(cuò)】 責(zé)任編輯:新新

免費(fèi)試聽

限時(shí)免費(fèi)資料

  • 近10年A考匯總

    歷年樣卷

  • 最新官方考試大綱

    考試大綱

  • 各科目專業(yè)詞匯表

    詞匯表

  • ACCA考試報(bào)考指南

    報(bào)考指南

  • ACCA考官文章分享

    考官文章

  • 往年考前串講直播

    思維導(dǎo)圖

回到頂部
折疊
網(wǎng)站地圖

Copyright © 2000 - m.galtzs.cn All Rights Reserved. 北京正保會(huì)計(jì)科技有限公司 版權(quán)所有

京B2-20200959 京ICP備20012371號(hào)-7 出版物經(jīng)營(yíng)許可證 京公網(wǎng)安備 11010802044457號(hào)